Pass4sure 640-554 Question Answer

Which type of Layer 2 attack causes a switch to flood all incoming traffic to all ports?

A. MAC spoofing attack
B. CAM overflow attack
C. VLAN hopping attack
D. STP attack

Answer: B


What is the best way to prevent a VLAN hopping attack?

A. Encapsulate trunk ports with IEEE 802.1Q.
B. Physically secure data closets.
C. Disable DTP negotiations.
D. Enable BDPU guard.

Answer: C

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Cisco Live 2016: Business Messaging Will Be Just as Important as Calling and Email

Cisco is touting its Spark platform as a competitor to Slack and HipChat, and thinks messaging will dominate business collaboration.

Cisco Systems believes that business messaging will be the next major tool that transforms how work gets done, following phone calls and email. The vendor thinks that its Spark messaging and collaboration platform is the best solution going forward, but both small-to-medium-sized businesses and larger enterprises are taking advantage of a variety of other offerings.

Jonathan Rosenberg, vice president and chief technology officer of Cisco Collaboration, said during a presentation at the Cisco Live 2016 conference in Las Vegas that business messaging is distinct from instant messaging in several ways. Business messaging is all about enabling users to get work done, while instant messaging is about getting attention.

Moving Toward Business Messaging

The root of the difference between consumer-focused mobile messaging applications that started appearing in 2010-11 (Facebook, Messenger, WeChat and WhatsApp) and business messaging can, Rosenberg said, be summed up in one word: persistence. In business messaging apps, messages are persistent, saved in the cloud and accessible from any device at any time, whether that’s a mobile device or notebook.

Business messaging enables group messaging in a way that does not require all members of the group to be online at the same time. In fact, Rosenberg said, the larger a team grows within a company, the odds decrease exponentially to zero that all of the team members will be online at the same time in a group message.

Yet group messaging is at the heart of business collaboration. “If you want to actually get real work done, solve the problem, you’re going to involve more than one person,” Rosenberg said.

Business messaging enables companies to create message groups around specific projects, work tasks and teams. Instant messaging is focused on buddy lists and getting the attention of one person for a short conversation, he said.

Business messaging enables the sending of rich content, including documents, videos and PowerPoint presentations, while instant messaging is focused on single file transfers, Rosenberg added.

“We’re making a bet that business messaging is going to be the foundation for the next go-to tool in the office,” he said.

According to research firm Gartner, by 2018, 50 percent of team coordination and communication will occur via mobile group collaboration apps. “We bet the Cisco collaboration business — roll the dice here in Vegas — that this is going to be the next big thing,” Rosenberg said.

Betting on Spark

Rosenberg credited business messaging platform Slack, which announced in May that it has 3 million daily active users, with getting many things right in terms of messaging and finding a popular following. He also praised weChat for its ability to act as substitute for the web and let users purchase plane tickets and send money right from the app.

Yet Rosenberg also spent a great deal of time extolling the virtues of Spark. “Business messaging is not enough. You need calls and real-life face-to-face meetings to get work done,” he said.

Spark has “rooms” that can be set up for teams to discuss specific topics or tasks, and enables users to have real meetings in those rooms, with voice and video. Spark also lets users dial into the meeting using Cisco phones and conferencing gear, and allows users to have one continuous chat before, during and after a meeting. A call in Spark also launches a 1:1 meeting that lets users share their screen and do seamless handoffs between Wi-Fi and 4G LTE networks. Rosenberg said Cisco has 215 million combined users of its WebEx, Jabber and unified communication products that it will try and bring to Spark.

Currently, Rosenberg said, Cisco sees Spark gaining traction with SMBs and lines of business within larger enterprises, such as a team of 20 inside an organization with tens of thousands of employees.

“The challenge is, how do you scale that enterprise-wide?” Rosenberg said. “How does that work as you scale it up? If you want a tool for all of your employees to use, where all of them can work together, you actually find you have to rethink the whole team construct.”

Fortunately, he said, Spark is a technology “where it’s much easier to have it for enterprises and go down, than it is to have something for small business and go up. And so I can just have one team, and I can only have 10 people that I work with in a tool that supports 10,000. So we’re already seeing that.”

Pass4sure 640-554 Question Answer

Which statement describes a best practice when configuring trunking on a switch port?

A. Disable double tagging by enabling DTP on the trunk port.
B. Enable encryption on the trunk port.
C. Enable authentication and encryption on the trunk port.
D. Limit the allowed VLAN(s) on the trunk to the native VLAN only.
E. Configure an unused VLAN as the native VLAN.

Answer: E

Pass4sure 640-554 Question Answer

Which statement is true about vishing? 

A. Influencing users to forward a call to a toll number (for example, a long distance or international number)
B. Influencing users to provide personal information over a web page
C. Using an inside facilitator to intentionally forward a call to a toll number (for example, a long distance or international number)
D. Influencing users to provide personal information over the phone

Answer: D


Which item is the great majority of software vulnerabilities that have been discovered? 

A. Stack vulnerabilities
B. Heap overflows
C. Software overflows
D. Buffer overflows

Answer: D

Pass4sure 640-554 Question Answer

What Cisco Security Agent Interceptor is in charge of intercepting all read/write requests to the rc files in UNIX? 

A. Configuration interceptor
B. Network interceptor
C. File system interceptor
D. Execution space interceptor

Answer: A


Information about a managed device’s resources and activity is defined by a series of objects. What defines the structure of these management objects?
A. MIB
B. FIB
C. LDAP
D. CEF

Answer: A

Pass4sure 640-554 Question Answer

In a brute-force attack, what percentage of the keyspace must an attacker generally search through until he or she finds the key that decrypts the data?

A. Roughly 50 percent
B. Roughly 66 percent
C. Roughly 75 percent
D. Roughly 10 percent

Answer: A

Which three items are Cisco best-practice recommendations for securing a network? (Choose three.)

A. Routinely apply patches to operating systems and applications.
B. Disable unneeded services and ports on hosts.
C. Deploy HIPS software on all end-user workstations.
D. Require strong passwords, and enable password expiration.

Answer: A, B, D

Pass4sure 640-554 Question Answer

Which four methods are used by hackers? (Choose four.)

A. footprint analysis attack
B. privilege escalation attack
C. buffer Unicode attack
D. front door attacks
E. social engineering attack
F. Trojan horse attack

Answer: A, B, E, F

Which characteristic is the foundation of Cisco Self-Defending Network technology?

A. secure connectivity
B. threat control and containment
C. policy management
D. secure network platform

Answer: D